This project provides automated climate monitoring and control using a Raspberry Pi Pico W. Features dual-zone temperature monitoring, AC/heater control, time-based scheduling, and a web interface for easy management.

Features

Core Features
- ✅ WiFi connectivity with auto-reconnect and static IP
- ✅ Inside/Outside temperature monitoring (DS18B20 sensors)
- ✅ Web interface for monitoring and configuration http://192.168.x.x
- ✅ Discord notifications for all system events
- ✅ Temperature logging to CSV file
- ✅ Configurable alert thresholds
- ✅ Exception recovery (system won't crash permanently)
- ✅ Graceful shutdown with Ctrl+C
Climate Control
- ✅ Automated AC control with temperature swing logic
- ✅ Automated heater control with separate swing settings
- ✅ Short-cycle protection for both AC and heater
- ✅ Dual relay control via opto-coupler for 110V AC
- ✅ Mutual exclusion (AC and heater never run simultaneously)
Scheduling System
- ✅ 4 configurable time-based schedules per day
- ✅ Each schedule sets different AC/heater targets
- ✅ Automatic mode with schedule following
- ✅ Temporary hold mode (auto-resumes after configurable time)
- ✅ Permanent hold mode (manual control until restart)
- ✅ Schedule configuration persists through reboots
- ✅ Hold modes reset to Automatic on restart (safety feature)
Web Interface
- ✅ Real-time temperature display
- ✅ AC/Heater status indicators
- ✅ Manual temperature override
- ✅ Schedule editor (4 time slots)
- ✅ Mode control buttons (Automatic/Temp Hold/Perm Hold)
- ✅ Countdown timer for temporary holds
- ✅ Mobile-responsive design
- ✅ Auto-refresh dashboard (30 seconds)
Planned Features
- 🚧 Humidity monitoring (DHT22/SHT31)
- 🚧 Soil moisture monitoring
- 🚧 Additional relay control for fans, grow lights

Quick Start

1. Hardware Setup

Required Components:

Raspberry Pi Pico W
2x DS18B20 temperature sensors (waterproof recommended)
4.7kΩ resistor (pull-up for 1-Wire bus)
2-channel opto-coupler relay module (3.3V logic, 110V AC rated)
Momentary button (optional, for easy reset)

See the Items Needed Wiki for full parts list.

2. Wiring

DS18B20 Temperature Sensors:

Sensor Wire    →  Pico Pin
─────────────────────────────
Red (VDD)      →  3V3 (OUT) - Pin 36
Black (GND)    →  GND - Any ground pin
Yellow (Data)  →  GP10 (Inside) - Pin 14
               →  GP11 (Outside) - Pin 15

Add 4.7kΩ resistor between Data line and 3.3V

⚠️ Important: The 4.7kΩ pull-up resistor is required for reliable 1-Wire communication.

2-Channel Opto-Coupler Relay Module:

Low Voltage Side (Pico):
GP15 (Pin 20)  →  IN1 (AC Control Signal)
GP14 (Pin 19)  →  IN2 (Heater Control Signal)
3.3V (Pin 36)  →  VCC
GND            →  GND

High Voltage Side - Relay 1 (AC Unit):
NO (Normally Open)  →  AC Control Wire 1
COM (Common)        →  AC Control Wire 2

High Voltage Side - Relay 2 (Heater):
NO (Normally Open)  →  Heater Control Wire 1
COM (Common)        →  Heater Control Wire 2

Note: Most opto-coupler modules work with standard logic:

relay.on() = relay energized (NO closes) = Device ON
relay.off() = relay de-energized (NC closes) = Device OFF

If behavior is inverted, your module may be active LOW—see troubleshooting.

Optional Reset Button:

RUN pin  →  Button  →  GND

3. Software Setup

Install MicroPython:

Download MicroPython firmware
Hold BOOTSEL button while plugging in Pico
Copy .uf2 file to the Pico drive

IDE Setup:

Recommended: VS Code with MicroPico extension
Alternative: Thonny IDE

4. Configuration

Create secrets.py (copy from secrets.example.py):

secrets = {
    'ssid': 'YOUR_WIFI_NAME',
    'password': 'YOUR_WIFI_PASSWORD',
    'discord_webhook_url': 'https://discord.com/api/webhooks/...',
    'discord_alert_webhook_url': 'https://discord.com/api/webhooks/...',
}

Sensor Configuration in main.py:

# Sensor configuration
SENSOR_CONFIG = {
    'inside': {
        'pin': 10,
        'label': 'Inside',
        'alert_high': 80.0,
        'alert_low': 70.0
    },
    'outside': {
        'pin': 11,
        'label': 'Outside',
        'alert_high': 85.0,
        'alert_low': 68.0
    }
}

Default Climate Settings (auto-saved to config.json):

# Default config (created on first boot)
{
    "ac_target": 77.0,           # AC target temperature (°F)
    "ac_swing": 1.0,             # AC turns on at 78°F, off at 76°F
    "heater_target": 72.0,       # Heater target temperature (°F)
    "heater_swing": 2.0,         # Heater turns on at 70°F, off at 74°F
    "temp_hold_duration": 3600,  # Temporary hold lasts 1 hour (3600 seconds)
    "schedule_enabled": true,    # Schedules active by default
    "schedules": [               # 4 time-based schedules
        {
            "time": "06:00",
            "name": "Morning",
            "ac_target": 75.0,
            "heater_target": 72.0
        },
        # ... 3 more schedules
    ]
}

All settings can be changed via the web interface and persist through reboots.

5. Upload & Run

Upload all files to your Pico:

/
├── main.py
├── secrets.py
├── config.json              # Auto-generated on first boot
└── scripts/
    ├── air_conditioning.py   # AC/Heater controller classes
    ├── discord_webhook.py
    ├── monitors.py
    ├── networking.py
    ├── scheduler.py          # Schedule system with hold timer
    ├── temperature_sensor.py
    └── web_server.py         # Web interface

The Pico will auto-start main.py on boot and be accessible at http://192.168.x.x

Project Structure

Auto-Garden/
├── main.py                      # Entry point, configuration, system initialization
├── secrets.py                   # WiFi & Discord credentials (gitignored)
├── secrets.example.py           # Template for secrets.py
├── config.json                  # Persistent configuration (auto-generated)
└── scripts/
    ├── air_conditioning.py      # AC & Heater controllers with short-cycle protection
    ├── discord_webhook.py       # Discord notification handling
    ├── monitors.py              # Monitor base class & implementations
    ├── networking.py            # WiFi connection management
    ├── scheduler.py             # Schedule system with temporary/permanent hold modes
    ├── temperature_sensor.py    # DS18B20 sensor interface
    └── web_server.py            # Web interface for monitoring and control

How It Works

Temperature Monitoring

Every 10 seconds: Check temperatures
Every 30 seconds: Send temperature reports to Discord + log to CSV
Instant alerts: High/low temperature warnings to separate Discord channel

Discord Notifications:

discord_webhook_url: Regular updates, status changes, system events
discord_alert_webhook_url: Critical temperature alerts (Inside sensor only)

Example Discord Messages:

📊 Inside: 75.2°F | AC: OFF | Heater: OFF
📊 Outside: 68.5°F | AC: OFF | Heater: OFF
🔥 Inside temp HIGH: 81.0°F
Schedule 'Morning' applied - AC: 75°F, Heater: 72°F
⏸️ HOLD Mode - Manual override: AC: 77F +/- 1F | Heater: 72F +/- 2F
⏰ Temporary hold expired - Automatic mode resumed

Climate Control Logic

AC Control:

Target: 77°F with 1°F swing
AC turns ON when temp > 78°F (77 + 1)
AC turns OFF when temp < 76°F (77 - 1)
Between 76-78°F: maintains current state (dead band prevents cycling)

Heater Control:

Target: 72°F with 2°F swing
Heater turns ON when temp < 70°F (72 - 2)
Heater turns OFF when temp > 74°F (72 + 2)
Between 70-74°F: maintains current state

Short-Cycle Protection:

Minimum run time: 30 seconds (prevents rapid off)
Minimum off time: 5 seconds (protects compressor/heater elements)
AC and heater never run simultaneously (mutual exclusion)

Scheduling System

Automatic Mode (Default):

Schedules apply at configured times (e.g., 06:00, 12:00, 18:00, 22:00)
AC and heater targets update automatically
System follows the most recent schedule until next one applies

Temporary Hold Mode:

Activated by manual temperature changes or "⏸️ Temp Hold" button
Pauses schedules for configurable duration (default: 1 hour)
Web UI shows countdown timer: "45 min remaining"
Auto-resumes to Automatic mode when timer expires
Can be manually resumed with "▶️ Resume" button

Permanent Hold Mode:

Activated by "🛑 Perm Hold" button
Completely disables schedules (manual control only)
Stays disabled until "▶️ Enable Schedules" clicked or Pico reboots
No countdown timer

Hold Reset on Boot:

All hold modes reset to Automatic on Pico restart/power cycle
Safety feature ensures schedules always resume after power loss
Temperature targets, swing values, and schedules persist

Web Interface

Access at http://192.168.x.x

Dashboard (auto-refreshes every 30s):

Current inside/outside temperatures
AC/Heater status indicators
Next scheduled temperature change
Current mode banner with countdown (if in Temporary Hold)
Manual temperature override form
Mode control buttons

Schedule Editor:

Configure 4 time-based schedules
Set time (HH:MM format), name, AC target, heater target for each
Form validation (prevents heater > AC, invalid times)
No auto-refresh (prevents losing edits)

Mode Control:

✅ Automatic Mode: Schedules active, temps adjust based on time
- Buttons: [⏸️ Temp Hold] [🛑 Perm Hold]
⏸️ Temporary Hold: Manual override with countdown timer
- Buttons: [▶️ Resume] [🛑 Perm Hold]
🛑 Permanent Hold: Manual control only, schedules disabled
- Button: [▶️ Enable Schedules]

WiFi Monitoring

Every 5 seconds: Check WiFi connection
LED Indicator:
- Solid ON: Connected
- Blinking: Reconnecting
Auto-reconnect: Attempts every 60 seconds if disconnected
Static IP: Always accessible at http://192.168.x.x

Temperature Logs

Logs are saved to /temp_logs.csv on the Pico:

2025-11-08 14:30:00,Inside,28000012,72.50
2025-11-08 14:30:00,Outside,28000034,45.30

Format: timestamp,location,sensor_id,temperature_f

Customization

Via Web Interface (Recommended)

Navigate to http://192.168.x.x
Adjust AC/Heater targets and swing values
Edit schedules (times, names, targets)
Settings persist through reboots

Via config.json

{
    "ac_target": 77.0,
    "ac_swing": 1.5,              // Change swing range
    "heater_target": 72.0,
    "heater_swing": 2.5,
    "temp_hold_duration": 7200,   // 2 hours (in seconds)
    "schedules": [ /* ... */ ]
}

Via main.py (Advanced)

# Relay pins
ac_relay_pin = 15
heater_relay_pin = 14

# Sensor pins
SENSOR_CONFIG = {
    'inside': {'pin': 10, ...},
    'outside': {'pin': 11, ...}
}

# Monitor intervals
check_interval=10      # Temperature check frequency
report_interval=30     # Discord report frequency

Safety Notes

⚠️ High Voltage Warning:

Opto-couplers isolate Pico from AC voltage
Never connect GPIO directly to 110V AC
Ensure relay module is rated for your voltage
Test with multimeter before connecting AC loads
Consider hiring licensed electrician if uncomfortable

Compressor/Heater Protection:

Always use minimum run/off times
Minimum 5s off time protects compressor bearings
Minimum 30s run time prevents short cycling
AC and heater mutual exclusion prevents simultaneous operation

System Reliability:

Exception recovery prevents permanent crashes
Graceful shutdown (Ctrl+C) safely turns off AC/heater
Hold modes reset on reboot (schedules always resume)
Static IP ensures web interface always accessible

Troubleshooting

Web interface not loading:

Verify Pico is connected to WiFi (LED should be solid)
Check static IP is http://192.168.x.x
Look for "Web Interface: http://192.168.x.x" in serial console
Try accessing from same WiFi network

No temperature readings:

Check 4.7kΩ pull-up resistor between data line and 3.3V
Verify sensor wiring (VDD to 3.3V, not 5V)
Check GPIO pin numbers in SENSOR_CONFIG
Run sensor.scan_sensors() in REPL to detect sensors

WiFi not connecting:

Verify SSID/password in secrets.py
Check 2.4GHz WiFi (Pico W doesn't support 5GHz)
LED should be solid when connected
Check serial console for connection status

Discord messages not sending:

Verify webhook URLs in secrets.py
Test webhooks with curl/Postman first
Check Pico has internet access (ping test)
Look for error messages in serial console

AC/Heater not switching:

Verify relay pin numbers (default GP15/GP14)
Test relay manually in REPL: Pin(15, Pin.OUT).on()
Check if module is active LOW or active HIGH
Ensure opto-coupler has 3.3V power
Look for LED on relay module (should light when active)
Check minimum run/off times haven't locked out switching

AC/Heater behavior inverted:

Your opto-coupler is active LOW
In air_conditioning.py, swap relay.on() and relay.off() calls in both ACController and HeaterController classes

Schedules not applying:

Check NTP time sync: "Time synced with NTP server" in serial
Verify schedule times in HH:MM format (24-hour)
Ensure "✅ Automatic Mode" is active (not in hold)
Check serial console for "Schedule Applied: [name]" messages

Temporary hold not auto-resuming:

Check temp_hold_duration in config.json (in seconds)
Look for "⏰ Temporary hold expired" in serial console
ScheduleMonitor runs every 60 seconds, may take up to 1 min extra
Verify timer countdown appears in web UI banner

System keeps crashing:

Check for recent code changes
Look for exception messages in serial console
System should auto-recover from most errors (5s pause, then retry)
If persistent, check memory usage with gc.mem_free()

Config changes not saving:

Verify web form submissions redirect to dashboard/schedule page
Check for "Settings persisted to disk" in serial console
Ensure config.json has write permissions
Try manual edit of config.json and reboot

Contributing

Feel free to open issues or submit pull requests for improvements!

License

MIT License - See LICENSE file for details

Resources

Note: Always ensure proper electrical safety when working with high-voltage relays and AC power. Test thoroughly before leaving unattended.