PostgreSQL driver, tests against DB backends, and general drivers cleanup (#2723)

* PostgreSQL driver and general drivers cleanup

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Make tests pass

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Add black --target-version flag in make.bat

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Rewrite postgres driver

Most of the logic is now in PL/pgSQL.

This completely avoids the use of Python f-strings to format identifiers into queries. Although an SQL-injection attack would have been impossible anyway (only the owner would have ever had the ability to do that), using PostgreSQL's format() is more reliable for unusual identifiers. Performance-wise, I'm not sure whether this is an improvement, but I highly doubt that it's worse.

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Reformat

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Fix PostgresDriver.delete_all_data()

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Clean up PL/pgSQL code

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* More PL/pgSQL cleanup

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* PL/pgSQL function optimisations

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Ensure compatibility with PostgreSQL 10 and below

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* More/better docstrings for PG functions

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Fix typo in docstring

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Return correct value on toggle()

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Use composite type for PG function parameters

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Fix JSON driver's Config.clear_all()

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Correct description for Mongo tox recipe

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Fix linting errors

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Update dep specification after merging bumpdeps

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Add towncrier entries

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Update from merge

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Mention [postgres] extra in install docs

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Support more connection options and use better defaults

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Actually pass PG env vars in tox

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

* Replace event trigger with manual DELETE queries

Signed-off-by: Toby Harradine <tobyharradine@gmail.com>

tox.ini

@@ -15,12 +15,47 @@ description = Run tests and basic automatic issue checking.
 whitelist_externals =
     pytest
     pylint
-extras = voice, test, mongo
+extras = voice, test
 commands =
     python -m compileall ./redbot/cogs
     pytest
     pylint ./redbot
 
+[testenv:postgres]
+description = Run pytest with PostgreSQL backend
+whitelist_externals =
+    pytest
+extras = voice, test, postgres
+setenv =
+    RED_STORAGE_TYPE=postgres
+passenv =
+    # Use the following env vars for connection options, or other default options described here:
+    # https://magicstack.github.io/asyncpg/current/index.html#asyncpg.connection.connect
+    PGHOST
+    PGPORT
+    PGUSER
+    PGPASSWORD
+    PGDATABASE
+commands =
+    pytest
+
+[testenv:mongo]
+description = Run pytest with MongoDB backend
+whitelist_externals =
+    pytest
+extras = voice, test, mongo
+setenv =
+    RED_STORAGE_TYPE=mongo
+passenv =
+    RED_MONGO_URI
+    RED_MONGO_HOST
+    RED_MONGO_PORT
+    RED_MONGO_USER
+    RED_MONGO_PASSWORD
+    RED_MONGO_DATABASE
+commands =
+    pytest
+
 [testenv:docs]
 description = Attempt to build docs with sphinx-build
 whitelist_externals =