[V3 docs] Add a tutorial for Config and fix Bank docs (#959)

* [V3 docs] Add a tutorial for Config

* fix missing colon

* Add some links to the actual methods

* Fix bank docs

core/bank.py

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 import datetime
-from collections import namedtuple
+from typing import Union, List
-from typing import Tuple, Generator, Union, List
+import os
 
 import discord
-from copy import deepcopy
 
 from core import Config
 
@@ -36,8 +35,6 @@ _DEFAULT_USER = _DEFAULT_MEMBER
 
 _bank_type = type("Bank", (object,), {})
 
-_conf = Config.get_conf(_bank_type(), 384734293238749, force_registration=True)
-
 
 class Account:
     """A single account. This class should ONLY be instantiated by the bank itself."""
@@ -54,8 +51,9 @@ def _register_defaults():
     _conf.register_member(**_DEFAULT_MEMBER)
     _conf.register_user(**_DEFAULT_USER)
 
-
+if not os.environ.get('BUILDING_DOCS'):
-_register_defaults()
+    _conf = Config.get_conf(_bank_type(), 384734293238749, force_registration=True)
+    _register_defaults()
 
 
 def _encoded_current_time() -> int:

docs/conf.py

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import os
 import sys
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('..'))
 
+os.environ['BUILDING_DOCS'] = "1"
+
 
 # -- General configuration ------------------------------------------------
 

docs/framework_config.rst

@@ -31,6 +31,122 @@ Basic Usage
         async def return_some_data(self, ctx):
             await ctx.send(config.foo())
 
+********
+Tutorial
+********
+
+.. py:currentmodule:: core.config
+
+This tutorial will walk you through how to use Config.
+
+First, you need to import Config:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from core import Config
+
+Then, in the class's :code:`__init__` function, you need to get a config instance:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    class MyCog:
+        def __init__(self):
+            self.config = Config.get_conf(self, identifier=1234567890)
+
+The ``identifier`` in :py:meth:`Config.get_conf` is used to keep your cog's data separate
+from that of another cog, and thus should be unique to your cog. For example: if we
+have two cogs named :code:`MyCog` and their identifier is different, each will have
+its own data without overwriting the other's data. Note that it is also possible
+to force registration of a data key before allowing you to get and set data for
+that key by adding :code:`force_registration=True` after identifier (that defaults
+to :code:`False` though)
+
+After we've gotten that, we need to register default values:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    class MyCog:
+        def __init__(self):
+            self.config = Config.get_conf(self, identifier=1234567890)
+            default_global = {
+                "foobar": True,
+                "foo": {
+                    "bar": True,
+                    "baz": False
+                }
+            }
+            default_guild = {
+                "blah": [],
+                "baz": 1234567890
+            }
+            self.config.register_global(**default_global)
+            self.config.register_guild(**default_guild)
+
+As seen in the example above, we can set up our defaults in dicts and then use those in
+the appropriate :code:`register` function. As seen above, there's :py:meth:`Config.register_global`
+and :py:meth:`Config.register_guild`, but there's also :py:meth:`Config.register_member`,
+:py:meth:`Config.register_role`, :py:meth:`Config.register_user`, and :py:meth:`Config.register_channel`.
+Note that :code:`member` stores based on guild id AND the user's id.
+
+Once we have our defaults registered and we have the object, we can now use those values
+in various ways:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    @commands.command()
+    @checks.admin_or_permissions(manage_guild=True)
+    async def setbaz(self, ctx, new_value):
+        await self.config.guild(ctx.guild).baz.set(new_value)
+        await ctx.send("Value of baz has been changed!")
+
+    @commands.command()
+    @checks.is_owner()
+    async def setfoobar(self, ctx, new_value):
+        await self.config.foobar.set(new_value)
+
+    @commands.command()
+    async def checkbaz(self, ctx):
+        baz_val = await self.config.guild(ctx.guild).baz()
+        await ctx.send("The value of baz is {}".format("True" if baz_val else "False"))
+
+Notice a few things in the above examples:
+
+1. Global doesn't have anything in between :code:`self.config` and the variable.
+
+2. Both the getters and setters need to be awaited because they're coroutines.
+
+3. If you're getting the value, the syntax is::
+
+    self.config.<insert thing here, or nothing if global>.variable_name()
+
+4. If setting, it's::
+
+    self.config.<insert thing here, or nothing if global>.variable_name.set(new_value)
+
+.. important::
+
+    Please note that while you have nothing between ``config`` and the variable name for global
+    data, you also have the following commands to get data specific to each category.
+
+    * :py:meth:`Config.guild` for guild data which takes an object of type :py:class:`discord.Guild`.
+    * :py:meth:`Config.member` which takes :py:class:`discord.Member`.
+    * :py:meth:`Config.user` which takes :py:class:`discord.User`.
+    * :py:meth:`Config.role` which takes :py:class:`discord.Role`.
+    * :py:meth:`Config.channel` which takes :py:class:`discord.TextChannel`.
+
+If you need to wipe data from the config, you want to look at :py:meth:`Group.clear` or :py:meth:`Group.clear_all`.
+
+Which one you should use depends on what you want to do. If you're looking to clear data for a
+single guild/member/channel/role/user, you want to use :py:meth:`Group.clear` as that will clear the
+data only for the specified thing (though, if used on global, it will reset all of the data
+for keys registered with :py:meth:`Config.register_global`). If using :py:meth:`Group.clear_all`, it will reset
+all data for all guilds/members/channels/roles/users (or if used on a global, it will reset
+everything for all kinds).
+
+.. note::
+
+    Members have a special clearing methods, see :py:class:`MemberGroup`
+
 *************
 API Reference
 *************